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Grammar Explanation
Students, today we will learn about the Past Perfect Tense. This tense helps us talk about actions that happened before another action in the past. Pay close attention to the examples!
What is the Past Perfect Tense?
The past perfect tense is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past.
الشرح بالعربية:
زمن الماضي التام يُستخدم لوصف فعل تم قبل فعل آخر في الماضي. نستخدمه عندما نريد أن نوضح أن حدثاً ما وقع قبل حدث آخر في الزمن الماضي.
زمن الماضي التام يُستخدم لوصف فعل تم قبل فعل آخر في الماضي. نستخدمه عندما نريد أن نوضح أن حدثاً ما وقع قبل حدث آخر في الزمن الماضي.
Formula: had + past participle
القاعدة:
had + التصريف الثالث للفعل
had + التصريف الثالث للفعل
Example: I had eaten breakfast before I went to work.
لقد تناولت الإفطار قبل أن أذهب إلى العمل
لقد تناولت الإفطار قبل أن أذهب إلى العمل
🅰️ I had already eaten breakfast before I went to work.
كنت قد تناولت الإفطار بالفعل قبل أن أذهب إلى العمل
كنت قد تناولت الإفطار بالفعل قبل أن أذهب إلى العمل
🅱️ I had just finished my project when my boss called.
كنت قد أنهيت مشروعي للتو عندما اتصل بي مديري
كنت قد أنهيت مشروعي للتو عندما اتصل بي مديري
② I hadn't seen that movie before.
لم أكن قد شاهدت ذلك الفيلم من قبل
لم أكن قد شاهدت ذلك الفيلم من قبل
③ Had they left for the airport already?
هل كانوا قد غادروا إلى المطار بالفعل؟
هل كانوا قد غادروا إلى المطار بالفعل؟
④ He had taken the medicine before he felt better.
كان قد تناول الدواء قبل أن يشعر بتحسن
كان قد تناول الدواء قبل أن يشعر بتحسن
⑤ She had just finished the exam.
كانت قد أنهت الامتحان للتو
كانت قد أنهت الامتحان للتو
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Interactive Flashcards
Click on each card to flip it and see the Arabic translation. Practice these sentences!
I had eaten
Click to see Arabic
كنت قد أكلت
She had finished
Click to see Arabic
كانت قد أنهت
They had left
Click to see Arabic
كانوا قد غادروا
He had taken
Click to see Arabic
كان قد أخذ
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Exercise 1: Complete the Sentences
Fill in the blanks with the past perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses.
التمرين الأول: أكمل الجمل بصيغة الماضي التام للأفعال بين الأقواس
1. By the time I got home, my roommate ................ (cook) dinner.
Use "had" + past participle of "cook" → cooked
2. I ................ (visit) the museum before I met my friends.
Use "had" + past participle of "visit" → visited
3. She ................ (finish) her work before she went on vacation.
Use "had" + past participle of "finish" → finished
4. We ................ (lose) our keys before we found them.
Use "had" + past participle of "lose" → lost
Answer Key:
1. had cooked
2. had visited
3. had finished
4. had lost
1. had cooked
2. had visited
3. had finished
4. had lost
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Exercise 2: Rewrite in Past Perfect
Rewrite the following sentences in the past perfect tense. Remember the formula: had + past participle!
التمرين الثاني: أعد كتابة الجمل التالية بصيغة الماضي التام
1. I finished the book before I went to bed.
Change "finished" to "had finished"
2. She arrived at the airport before the flight took off.
Change "arrived" to "had arrived"
3. They started the game before I got there.
Change "started" to "had started"
4. He completed the task before he left for lunch.
Change "completed" to "had completed"
Answer Key:
1. I had finished the book before I went to bed.
2. She had arrived at the airport before the flight took off.
3. They had started the game before I got there.
4. He had completed the task before he left for lunch.
1. I had finished the book before I went to bed.
2. She had arrived at the airport before the flight took off.
3. They had started the game before I got there.
4. He had completed the task before he left for lunch.
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Exercise 3: Creative Answers
Work with a classmate or write your own answers using the past perfect tense. Be creative!
التمرين الثالث: اكتب إجابات باستخدام الماضي التام. كن مبدعاً!
1. What had you eaten for breakfast?
Start with "I had eaten..." or "I hadn't eaten..."
2. Where had she been before she arrived at the party?
Start with "She had been..." (use a place)
3. When had he finished his project?
Start with "He had finished..." (add a time)
4. How long had they been friends before they got married?
Start with "They had been friends for..." (add duration)
Example Answers:
1. I had eaten cereal and fruit for breakfast.
2. She had been at the library before she arrived at the party.
3. He had finished his project by 10 PM last night.
4. They had been friends for ten years before they got married.
1. I had eaten cereal and fruit for breakfast.
2. She had been at the library before she arrived at the party.
3. He had finished his project by 10 PM last night.
4. They had been friends for ten years before they got married.
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Lesson Summary
Great work! Let's review what we learned today.
Key Points to Remember:
- Past Perfect = had + past participle
- Used for actions completed before another past action
- Common adverbs: already, just, before, by the time
- Question form: Had + subject + past participle...?
- Negative form: had not (hadn't) + past participle
النقاط الرئيسية:
• الماضي التام = had + التصريف الثالث
• يُستخدم للأفعال التي تمت قبل فعل آخر في الماضي
• الظروف الشائعة: already, just, before, by the time
• صيغة السؤال: Had + الفاعل + التصريف الثالث؟
• صيغة النفي: had not (hadn't) + التصريف الثالث
• الماضي التام = had + التصريف الثالث
• يُستخدم للأفعال التي تمت قبل فعل آخر في الماضي
• الظروف الشائعة: already, just, before, by the time
• صيغة السؤال: Had + الفاعل + التصريف الثالث؟
• صيغة النفي: had not (hadn't) + التصريف الثالث